vvincii we show the working

← Lincoln National

The business behind the dividend

MeasureLNCMedianFormula
Return on equity10.8%11.7%Net income ÷ shareholders’ equity
Return on capital employedOperating income ÷ (equity + total debt)
Owner earningsNet income + depreciation & amortisation − capital expenditure
Free cash flowOperating cash flow − capital expenditure
Operating margin7.3%15.0%Operating income ÷ revenue
Net margin6.5%10.2%Net income ÷ revenue
Debt to equityTotal debt ÷ shareholders’ equity
Interest coverOperating income ÷ interest expense
Current ratioCurrent assets ÷ current liabilities
Long-term debt to working capitalLong-term debt ÷ (current assets − current liabilities)
Cash conversionOperating cash flow ÷ net income

Not computed here: Cash conversion, Current ratio, Debt to equity, Long-term debt to working capital, Free cash flow, Interest cover, Owner earnings, Return on capital employed — why a blank is not a zero.

Ten years of it

The same measures, for every year the filings support. One year is a fact; a row is a business.

Measure2025202420232022202120202019201820172016Median
Return on equity10.8%39.6%-10.9%26.6%19.0%2.2%4.5%11.4%12.0%8.2%10.8%
Operating margin7.3%21.8%-9.9%9.2%26.2%2.4%5.3%7.3%
Net margin6.5%17.8%-6.5%7.2%21.3%2.9%5.1%14.6%8.9%7.2%

How it compares in banks & insurers

Among the 48 banks & insurers companies here measured on GAAP earnings, Lincoln National pays out less than 26 of them. The median for that group is 34.0%, against this company’s 30.9%.

Closest on GAAP earnings

Same sector and same denominator, so the figures are comparable. All 48 in banks & insurers →